A Python package is a way to organize related code into a module hierarchy. Packages are used to create reusable code that can be shared and imported by other Python programs.
Here’s an example:
Suppose you want to create a Python program that performs mathematical calculations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. You could create a package called “mathematics” that contains the following modules:
- “addition.py”: a module that defines a function for adding two numbers
- “subtraction.py”: a module that defines a function for subtracting two numbers
- “multiplication.py”: a module that defines a function for multiplying two numbers
- “division.py”: a module that defines a function for dividing two numbers
To create this package, you would create a directory called “mathematics” and create the four modules inside it. Each module would contain the relevant function(s) and any other code required to perform the operation.
Here’s an example of what the code for the “addition.py” module might look like:
def add(x, y):
"""
Returns the sum of two numbers.
"""
return x + y
To use this package in another Python program, you would import it like this:
from mathematics import addition
result = addition.add(2, 3)
print(result) # Output: 5
In this example, we import the “addition” module from the “mathematics” package, and then call its “add” function to add two numbers.
That’s just a basic example, but Python packages can be used to organize and share much more complex code. By breaking code into modules and packages, you can make it more maintainable, reusable, and easier to understand.
